1 notoriously(bad): famously 众所周知的

This organization is notoriously inefficient.

Doctors notoriously neglect their own health and do not seek help when they should.

2 emply: pay sb to work

How many people doesw your company employ.

They have emplyed different approaches to obtain these results. Use

3 take over

His brother took over from him as the chief executive. 接手

I’ve asked my assistant to take over preparing for the conference. 接手

Cars gradually took over from horses.

4 launch 推出

The company launched a new brand of beer last week.

The press has just launched a new Sunday magazine.

5 properly 恰当的

The car is not working properly.

Make sure that you will dress properly for the interview.

6 point the way : show the future direction

A line of restaurants pointed the way to the theatre. Show the direction to the theatre

Recent medical discoveries are already pointing the way to more efficient treatment.

7 be followed by

The lightning was followed by a crash of thunder. Thunder was after the lightning.

There was a major increase in immigration in the years that followed the First World War.

8 giant

No fairy tale is complete without a princess, witch or giant. 童话的要素： 巨人

If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants. 巨人

He was one of the intellectual giants of the 17^th century.

The takeover battle is between two of American’s industrial giants.

9 then

I wanted to live in the city, but my then husband preferred the country. He is not my husband now.

The company questioned the then chairman about the missing money. 当时的，非现在

10 copy 模仿imitate，复制

They have copied the basic desigh from the Japaneses model and mad a few adjustments of their own.

I always copied my brother in the things he said and the way he dressed.模仿

He was caught while he was copying from another student during the exam. 抄袭

11 humble

Even when she became rich and famous, she never forgot her humble background. Low in rank 卑微

Whenever you saw him, he was always wearing a humble simle. attitude

The humble stagecoaches were gradually replaced by trains. 原始的

12 user-friendly: easy to use

A user-friendly printer/ software.

The computer manual is supposed to be user-friendly, but I cannot understand a word of it.

13 –friendly

Customer-friendly, environment-friendly

14 predict需要证据: foretell无需证据

Storms are predicted to reach the north of the country this evening.

Who could have predicted that within ten years he would be in charge of the whole company?

We cannot predict when the next earthquake will happen.

He was a sixteenth-century prophet who foretold how the world would end.

15 dismiss: refuse to believe that

The teacher dismissed the class early because she had to attend a meeting. 解散

He laughed and dismissed my suggestion as na"ive. Refuse to consider

Let’s not dismiss the idea before we’ve even thought about it.

16 alternative: 替代性的

They are looking for an alternative venue for the concert.替代的场所

Alternative energy. 替代性能源

Alternative medicine. 替代性疗法

17 relieve… of…: getting of certain burden

May I relieve you of that heavy bag? Help you

The baby-sitter relieved her of many of the chores. 保姆帮助解决

18 instantly: immediately

The driver was killed instantly.

I recognized him instantly.

19 known

It is actually a known problem.

He is a known drug-dealer. 有名的

It is a little known fact that he was married before. Not many people know

20 副词的用法

Notoriously， properly， then

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